玩转ESP32P4：开启使用MicroPython
本帖最后由 PY学习笔记 于 2025-7-29 18:04 编辑近期，dfrobot出了一款新的开发板——FireBeetle 2 ESP32-P4，板载ESP32P4，虽然没有内置的WIFI和BLE，但是它的性能十分的高，所以很有幸能体验到这款开发板1.开发板介绍FireBeetle 2 ESP32-P4有很多种外设:
[*]Type-C USB CDC：Type-C USB烧录、调试接口
[*]IO3/LED：板载LED引脚
[*]Power LED：主板电源指示灯
[*]RST：复位按键
[*]IO35/BOOT：IO引脚/BOOT按键
[*]MIC: MEMS PDM麦克风
[*]HIGH-SPEED USB OTG 2.0: Type-C高速USB OTG 2.0
[*]ESP32-P4：ESP32-P4芯片
[*]MIPI-DSI: 两通道MIPI-DSI屏幕（兼容树莓派4B DSI屏幕线序）
[*]MIPI-CSI: 两通道MIPI-DSI屏幕（兼容树莓派4B CSI摄像头线序）
[*]TF Card: TF卡插槽
[*]16MB FLASH: 16MB Flash存储
[*]ESP32-C6：ESP32-C6-MINI-1模组，通过SDIO与ESP32-P4连接，用于扩展WiFi、蓝牙
https://img.dfrobot.com.cn/wikicn/5d57611a3416442fa39bffca/a5136d9f2426d7f157c92e378261d590.png2.micropython编译现在micropython官方还没实现，因为他们的代码很多都是旧版的，要更新得一段时间，这里我使用PR上大佬得半成品改了改实现了除USB、屏幕（DF官方还未实现）外的其它外设，仓库地址：https://github.com/Vincent1-python/micropython/tree/esp32p4摄像头这里使用树莓派的摄像头实现，仓库地址：https://github.com/Vincent1-python/micropython_csi_camera考虑到后期需要使用jpeg的编码以及解码所以还需要使用cnadler86大佬的库，仓库地址：https://github.com/cnadler86/mp_jpeg接下来就可以开始编译了：1.安装虚拟机我用的是虚拟机，也可以用其它的方式安装Linux系统进行编译，建议VMware+Ubuntu，参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/5692743662.ESP-IDF开发环境安装Ubuntu安装一些依赖包直接运行即可：sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git wget libncurses-dev flex bison gperf python3 python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-serial python3-click python3-cryptography python3-future python3-pyparsing python3-pyelftools cmake ninja-build ccache libffi-dev libssl-dev python-is-python3
3.pip源配置ESP-IDF安装过程中会在python virtual environment中使用pip安装所需的包，但默认情况下，pip使用的是国外的官方源，使得安装比较慢。可以使用以下命令将pip源配置到阿里云提升速度。pip config set global.index-url <a href="http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple" target="_blank">http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple</a>
pip config set global.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
4.下载仓库运行即可：mkdir -p ~/esp
cd ~/esp
git clone <a href="https://gitee.com/EspressifSystems/esp-gitee-tools.git" target="_blank">https://gitee.com/EspressifSystems/esp-gitee-tools.git</a>
git clone <a href="https://gitee.com/EspressifSystems/esp-idf.git" target="_blank">https://gitee.com/EspressifSystems/esp-idf.git</a>
git clone -b esp32p4 <a href="https://github.com/Vincent1-python/micropython.git" target="_blank">https://github.com/Vincent1-python/micropython.git</a>
git clone <a href="https://github.com/Vincent1-python/micropython_csi_camera.git" target="_blank">https://github.com/Vincent1-python/micropython_csi_camera.git</a>
git clone <a href="https://github.com/cnadler86/mp_jpeg" target="_blank">https://github.com/cnadler86/mp_jpeg</a>
5.切换ESP-IDF的版本
cd esp-idf
git checkout v5.4.1
6.配置esp-idf官方为了解决国内开发者从github克隆esp相关仓库慢的问题，已将esp-idf和部分重要仓库及其关联的子模块镜像到了jihu。根据官方建议，使用以下命令将仓库的URL替换为jihu的URL，并更新子模块，完成安装。cd ~/esp/esp-gitee-tools
./jihu-mirror.sh set
./submodule-update.sh ~/esp/esp-idf/
./install.sh ~/esp/esp-idf/
可能会提示Python virtual environment未安装成功。按照建议执行以下命令，并重新安装。sudo apt install python3.10-venv
./install.sh ~/esp/esp-idf/
安装一大堆东西后，提示(xx是用户名)：All done! You can now run:
. /home/xx/esp/esp-idf/export.sh
表示安装成功。添加环境变量：cd ~/esp/esp-idf
source export.sh
提示：idf.py buildinstall.sh步骤只需要执行一次。每次新会话都需要使用export.sh7.确认esp-idf版本
idf.py –version
再次确认ESP-IDFv5.4.1。8.构建固件
cd ~/esp/micropython
make -C mpy-cross
cd ports/esp32
make submodules
make
如果顺利的话，就会在~/esp/micropython/ports/esp32/build-FireBeetle_2_ESP32_P4/中生成一个firmware.bin固件。9.绑定两个驱动在~/esp中新建一个文件micropython.cmake写入以下代码：include(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/micropython_csi_camera/micropython.cmake)
include(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/mp_jpeg/src/micropython.cmake)
10.最终的编译运行：make clean
make USER_C_MODULES=~/esp/micropython.cmake
运行完成后，会在~/esp/micropython/ports/esp32/build-FireBeetle_2_ESP32_P4/中生成一个firmware.bin固件。复制到合适的地方开始烧录。3.烧录网上有很多方式我就不详细写了，注意烧录地址为：0x0020004.正式体验这里板载外设为主：LED测试：from machine import Pin
import time
led = Pin(3,Pin.OUT)
while True:
led.value(1)
time.sleep(1)
led.value(0)
time.sleep(1)
麦克风测试：import os
from machine import Pin
from machine import I2S
SCK_PIN = 12
#WS_PIN = 25
SD_PIN = 9
I2S_ID = 0
BUFFER_LENGTH_IN_BYTES = 40000
# ======= AUDIO CONFIGURATION =======
WAV_FILE = "mic.wav"
RECORD_TIME_IN_SECONDS = 4
WAV_SAMPLE_SIZE_IN_BITS = 16
FORMAT = I2S.MONO
SAMPLE_RATE_IN_HZ = 8000
# ======= AUDIO CONFIGURATION =======
format_to_channels = {I2S.MONO: 1, I2S.STEREO: 2}
NUM_CHANNELS = format_to_channels
WAV_SAMPLE_SIZE_IN_BYTES = WAV_SAMPLE_SIZE_IN_BITS // 8
RECORDING_SIZE_IN_BYTES = (
RECORD_TIME_IN_SECONDS * SAMPLE_RATE_IN_HZ * WAV_SAMPLE_SIZE_IN_BYTES * NUM_CHANNELS
)
def create_wav_header(sampleRate, bitsPerSample, num_channels, num_samples):
datasize = num_samples * num_channels * bitsPerSample // 8
o = bytes("RIFF", "ascii")# (4byte) Marks file as RIFF
o += (datasize + 36).to_bytes(
4, "little"
)# (4byte) File size in bytes excluding this and RIFF marker
o += bytes("WAVE", "ascii")# (4byte) File type
o += bytes("fmt ", "ascii")# (4byte) Format Chunk Marker
o += (16).to_bytes(4, "little")# (4byte) Length of above format data
o += (1).to_bytes(2, "little")# (2byte) Format type (1 - PCM)
o += (num_channels).to_bytes(2, "little")# (2byte)
o += (sampleRate).to_bytes(4, "little")# (4byte)
o += (sampleRate * num_channels * bitsPerSample // 8).to_bytes(4, "little")# (4byte)
o += (num_channels * bitsPerSample // 8).to_bytes(2, "little")# (2byte)
o += (bitsPerSample).to_bytes(2, "little")# (2byte)
o += bytes("data", "ascii")# (4byte) Data Chunk Marker
o += (datasize).to_bytes(4, "little")# (4byte) Data size in bytes
return o
audio_in = I2S(
I2S_ID,
sck=Pin(SCK_PIN),
#ws=Pin(WS_PIN),
sd=Pin(SD_PIN),
mode=I2S.PDM_RX,
bits=WAV_SAMPLE_SIZE_IN_BITS,
format=FORMAT,
rate=SAMPLE_RATE_IN_HZ * 4,
ibuf=BUFFER_LENGTH_IN_BYTES,
)
# allocate sample arrays
# memoryview used to reduce heap allocation in while loop
mic_samples = bytearray(40000)
mic_samples_mv = memoryview(mic_samples)
recording_buffer = bytearray(RECORDING_SIZE_IN_BYTES)
bytes_received = 0
print("Recording size: {} bytes".format(RECORDING_SIZE_IN_BYTES))
print("==========START RECORDING ==========")
try:
while bytes_received < RECORDING_SIZE_IN_BYTES:
# read a block of samples from the I2S microphone
bytes_read = audio_in.readinto(mic_samples_mv)
if bytes_read > 0:
bytes_to_write = min(
bytes_read, RECORDING_SIZE_IN_BYTES - bytes_received
)
recording_buffer = mic_samples_mv
print('FILL', bytes_received, bytes_to_write)
bytes_received += bytes_read
print("==========DONE RECORDING ==========")
except (KeyboardInterrupt, Exception) as e:
print("caught exception {} {}".format(type(e).__name__, e))
# Write to WAV
wav = open(WAV_FILE, "wb")
# create header for WAV file and write to SD card
wav_header = create_wav_header(
SAMPLE_RATE_IN_HZ,
WAV_SAMPLE_SIZE_IN_BITS,
NUM_CHANNELS,
SAMPLE_RATE_IN_HZ * RECORD_TIME_IN_SECONDS,
)
wav.write(wav_header)
# write samples to WAV file
wav.write(recording_buffer)
# cleanup
wav.close()
print("Wrote ", WAV_FILE)
audio_in.deinit()
SD卡测试：from machine import Pin,SDCard
import os
sd = SDCard(slot=0,width=4, sck=43, cmd=44, data=(39, 40, 41, 42), freq=40000000)
os.mount(sd, '/sd')
os.listdir('/sd')
print(os.listdir('/sd'))
os.listdir('/sd')
联网测试：import network,time
def connect():
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.active(True)
if not wlan.isconnected():
print('esp32p4正在联网',end="")
wlan.connect('SSID', 'PWD')
while not wlan.isconnected():
print(".",end="")
time.sleep(1)
print('\n网络信息为: ', wlan.ifconfig())
connect()
摄像头拍照测试：import camera,time,jpeg
camera.init()
time.sleep(5)
img = camera.capture()# bytes
camera.deinit()
with open("capture.jpg", "wb") as f:
f.write(img)
print("JPEG 编码完成")
网页图传测试：from microdot import Microdot
import time,jpeg,camera,network
def connect():
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.active(True)
if not wlan.isconnected():
print('esp32p4正在联网',end="")
wlan.connect('SSID', 'PWD')
while not wlan.isconnected():
print(".",end="")
time.sleep(1)
print('\n网络信息为: ', wlan.ifconfig())
ifconfig = wlan.ifconfig()
print('请在浏览器打开:{}:5000'.format(ifconfig))
connect()
app = Microdot()
camera.init()
@app.route('/')
def index(request):
return '''<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>ESP32P4网页图传</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h1>ESP32P4网页图传：</h1>
<img src="/video_feed" width="50%">
</body>
</html>''', 200, {'Content-Type': 'text/html; charset=utf-8'}
@app.route('/video_feed')
def video_feed(request):
def stream():
yield b'--frame\r\n'
while True:
frame = camera.capture()
yield b'Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\n\r\n' + frame + \
b'\r\n--frame\r\n'
gc.collect()
#time.sleep_ms(50)
return stream(), 200, {'Content-Type':
'multipart/x-mixed-replace; boundary=frame'}
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
camera.deinit()
点灯视频：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Jh8Rz1EV2
网页图传效果视频：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1EY8Rz5EtM/
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